Also discovered was Zwack’s defense of suicide, the atheistic work Better Than Horus (Zwack was personally opposed to atheism), ceremonial liturgy, and scandalous plans for creating an order for women. The secret society inside secrets manuscript code#In 1786 police raided the private residence of Xavier Zwack in Landstut and found secret order documents among his private possessions.Īmong Zwack’s documents were found the cipher of the Order of the Illuminati, the order’s calendar, the code names of geographical locations, and the list of members initiated from 1776 to 1779. Zwack resigned from the Illuminati in 1784 over Weishaupt’s despotic control over the clandestine order. Zwack was one of Weishaupt’s law students and joined the Illuminati in May of 1776. Weishaupt’s second-in-command was diplomat Xavier von Zwack (1756 – 1843). Many of the adepts fled Bavaria to various parts ruled by friendly sovereigns like the Duke of Saxe- Gotha.Īllegory of the Jesuits’ Missionary Work, Andrea Pozzo, 1694 The Bavarian Elector and his agents interrogated and persecuted members until the Order of the Illuminati was dissolved. In the 1780s the Elector of Bavaria, Duke Karl Theodor, issued several edicts banning the order and ultimately threatening the membership with death. Mutually fearing an educated and organized atheism, the Catholic Jesuits joined forces with their Protestant rivals, the German Rosicrucians, to destroy this threat to their way of life and socio-political dominance. Members came from the ranks of academia, the nobility and government bureaucracy, the diplomatic community, the legal establishment, the military, various police forces, the medical profession, the Church, and other essential institutions. The order rapidly grew into at least 2,500 members within a decade. The original five Illuminati were: Adam Weishaupt, known by his secret order name “Spartacus,” and Weishaupt’s law students Franz Anton von Massenhausen “Ajax,” Max Edler von Merz “Tiberius,” Andreas Sutor “Erasmus Rotterdamus” and Bauhoff “Agathon.” By 1779 the Order of the Illuminati had assumed leadership of the Masonic lodge in Munich. The Unknown Superiors or Secret Chiefs of Strict Observance Freemasonry inspired the structure of the Illuminati hierarchy. The original name of Weishaupt’s order was the Perfectibilists or ‘Perfectionists,’ for their aim of the “perfection of man.”Īfter Weishaupt was raised a Master Mason, being dissatisfied with the awkward name, his order became ‘ Illuminatenordens, ’ and represented itself with the symbol of the point within the circle. However, Weishaupt also borrowed much from the Craft after he was made a Strict Observance Freemason in the Bavarian capital of Munich in 1777. The Order of the Illuminati structure was mainly modeled on the Jesuit order. Weishaupt intended for his Illuminati to replace the obedient order of Ignatius of Loyola as the paramount force of education and enlightenment in Germany. The Jesuits were dissolved by Pope Clement XIV just three years before the Order of the Illuminati was officially founded. The liberal layman’s appointment to the chair of ecclesiastical law made him a prominent object of Jesuit wrath. Ickstatt was a member of the Privy Council, a professor at the University of Ingolstadt in Bavaria and the tutor of Maximillian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria.Īttending the Jesuit University of Ingolstadt with his godfather’s patronage, Weishaupt became the first non-Jesuit chair of canon law at the university for nearly a century. The founder of the order was Adam Weishaupt (1748 – 1830), who was raised by his godfather, the Baron von Ickstatt. The original order of the Bavarian Illuminati was founded on the First of May in the year 1776.
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